Blackjack Average Hands Per Hour

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Introduction

The house edge is defined as the ratio of the average loss to the initial bet. In some games the beginning wager is not necessarily the ending wager. For example in blackjack, let it ride, and Caribbean stud poker, the player may increase their bet when the odds favor doing so. In these cases the additional money wagered is not figured into the denominator for the purpose of determining the house edge, thus increasing the measure of risk. For games like Ultimate Texas Hold 'Em and Crazy 4 Poker, where there are two required initial wagers, the house edge is based on one of them only. House edge figures are based on optimal or near-optimal player strategy.

The table below shows the house edge of most popular casino games and bets.

Actually I did some more research last night after making this post and read that with a full table it's approx 60 hands per hour, 3 people about 80 per hour and one on one is about 120 per hour. The following table shows the average hands per hour and the house edge for various games. Games Hands/Hour House Edge Baccarat 72 1.20% Blackjack 70 0.75% Big Six 10 15.53% Craps 48 1.58% Caribbean Stud 50 1.46% Let It Ride 52 2.40% LUCKY NINE 72 1.35% Mini/Midi Baccarat 72 1.20% Pai Gow 30 1.65% Pai Gow Poker 34 1.96% American Roulette 38 5.

Casino Game House Edge

GameBet/RulesHouse EdgeStandard
Deviation
BaccaratBanker1.06%0.93
Player1.24%0.95
Tie14.36%2.64
Big Six$111.11%0.99
$216.67%1.34
$522.22%2.02
$1018.52%2.88
$2022.22%3.97
Joker/Logo24.07%5.35
Bonus SixNo insurance10.42%5.79
With insurance23.83%6.51
BlackjackaLiberal Vegas rules0.28%1.15
Caribbean Stud Poker5.22%2.24
Casino WarGo to war on ties2.88%1.05
Surrender on ties3.70%0.94
Bet on tie18.65%8.32
Catch a Wave0.50%d
CrapsPass/Come1.41%1.00
Don't pass/don't come1.36%0.99
Odds — 4 or 100.00%1.41
Odds — 5 or 90.00%1.22
Odds — 6 or 80.00%1.10
Field (2:1 on 12)5.56%1.08
Field (3:1 on 12)2.78%1.14
Any craps11.11%2.51
Big 6,89.09%1.00
Hard 4,1011.11%2.51
Hard 6,89.09%2.87
Place 6,81.52%1.08
Place 5,94.00%1.18
Place 4,106.67%1.32
Place (to lose) 4,103.03%0.69
2, 12, & all hard hops13.89%5.09
3, 11, & all easy hops11.11%3.66
Any seven16.67%1.86
Crazy 4 PokerAnte3.42%*3.13*
Double Down Stud2.67%2.97
Heads Up Hold 'EmBlind pay table #1 (500-50-10-8-5)2.36%4.56
Keno25%-29%1.30-46.04
Let it Ride3.51%5.17
Pai Gowc1.50%0.75
Pai Gow Pokerc1.46%0.75
Pick ’em Poker0% - 10%3.87
Red DogSix decks2.80%1.60
RouletteSingle Zero2.70%e
Double Zero5.26%e
Sic-Bo2.78%-33.33%e
Slot Machines2%-15%f8.74g
Spanish 21Dealer hits soft 170.76%d
Dealer stands on soft 170.40%d
Super Fun 210.94%d
Three Card PokerPairplus7.28%2.85
Ante & play3.37%1.64
Ultimate Texas Hold 'EmAnte2.19%4.94
Video PokerJacks or Better (Full Pay)0.46%4.42
Wild Hold ’em Fold ’em6.86%d

Notes

aLiberal Vegas Strip rules: Dealer stands on soft 17, player may double on any two cards, player may double after splitting, resplit aces, late surrender.
bLas Vegas single deck rules are dealer hits on soft 17, player may double on any two cards, player may not double after splitting, one card to split aces, no surrender.
cAssuming player plays the house way, playing one on one against dealer, and half of bets made are as banker.
dYet to be determined.
eStandard deviation depends on bet made.
fSlot machine range is based on available returns from a major manufacturer
gSlot machine standard deviation based on just one machine. While this can vary, the standard deviation on slot machines are very high.

Guide to House Edge

Blackjack Average Hands Per Hour At Wsop Main Event

The reason that the house edge is relative to the original wager, not the average wager, is that it makes it easier for the player to estimate how much they will lose. For example if a player knows the house edge in blackjack is 0.6% he can assume that for every $10 wager original wager he makes he will lose 6 cents on the average. Most players are not going to know how much their average wager will be in games like blackjack relative to the original wager, thus any statistic based on the average wager would be difficult to apply to real life questions.

The conventional definition can be helpful for players determine how much it will cost them to play, given the information they already know. However the statistic is very biased as a measure of risk. In Caribbean stud poker, for example, the house edge is 5.22%, which is close to that of double zero roulette at 5.26%. However the ratio of average money lost to average money wagered in Caribbean stud is only 2.56%. The player only looking at the house edge may be indifferent between roulette and Caribbean stud poker, based only the house edge. If one wants to compare one game against another I believe it is better to look at the ratio of money lost to money wagered, which would show Caribbean stud poker to be a much better gamble than roulette.

Blackjack Average Hands Per Hour

Many other sources do not count ties in the house edge calculation, especially for the Don’t Pass bet in craps and the banker and player bets in baccarat. The rationale is that if a bet isn’t resolved then it should be ignored. I personally opt to include ties although I respect the other definition.

Element of Risk

For purposes of comparing one game to another I would like to propose a different measurement of risk, which I call the 'element of risk.' This measurement is defined as the average loss divided by total money bet. For bets in which the initial bet is always the final bet there would be no difference between this statistic and the house edge. Bets in which there is a difference are listed below.

Element of Risk

Blackjack Average Hands Per Hour Crossword

GameBetHouse EdgeElement
of Risk
BlackjackAtlantic City rules0.43%0.38%
Bonus 6No insurance10.42%5.41%
Bonus 6With insurance23.83%6.42%
Caribbean Stud Poker5.22%2.56%
Casino WarGo to war on ties2.88%2.68%
Crazy 4 PokerStandard rules3.42%*1.09%
Heads Up Hold 'EmPay Table #1 (500-50-10-8-5)2.36%0.64%
Double Down Stud2.67%2.13%
Let it Ride3.51%2.85%
Spanish 21Dealer hits soft 170.76%0.65%
Spanish 21Dealer stands on soft 170.40%0.30%
Three Card PokerAnte & play3.37%2.01%
Ultimate Texas Hold 'Em2.19%*0.53%
Wild Hold ’em Fold ’em6.86%3.23%

Standard Deviation

The standard deviation is a measure of how volatile your bankroll will be playing a given game. This statistic is commonly used to calculate the probability that the end result of a session of a defined number of bets will be within certain bounds.

The standard deviation of the final result over n bets is the product of the standard deviation for one bet (see table) and the square root of the number of initial bets made in the session. This assumes that all bets made are of equal size. The probability that the session outcome will be within one standard deviation is 68.26%. The probability that the session outcome will be within two standard deviations is 95.46%. The probability that the session outcome will be within three standard deviations is 99.74%. The following table shows the probability that a session outcome will come within various numbers of standard deviations.

I realize that this explanation may not make much sense to someone who is not well versed in the basics of statistics. If this is the case I would recommend enriching yourself with a good introductory statistics book.

Standard Deviation

NumberProbability
0.250.1974
0.500.3830
0.750.5468
1.000.6826
1.250.7888
1.500.8664
1.750.9198
2.000.9546
2.250.9756
2.500.9876
2.750.9940
3.000.9974
3.250.9988
3.500.9996
3.750.9998

Hold

Although I do not mention hold percentages on my site the term is worth defining because it comes up a lot. The hold percentage is the ratio of chips the casino keeps to the total chips sold. This is generally measured over an entire shift. For example if blackjack table x takes in $1000 in the drop box and of the $1000 in chips sold the table keeps $300 of them (players walked away with the other $700) then the game's hold is 30%. If every player loses their entire purchase of chips then the hold will be 100%. It is possible for the hold to exceed 100% if players carry to the table chips purchased at another table. A mathematician alone can not determine the hold because it depends on how long the player will sit at the table and the same money circulates back and forth. There is a lot of confusion between the house edge and hold, especially among casino personnel.

Hands per Hour, House Edge for Comp Purposes

The following table shows the average hands per hour and the house edge for comp purposes various games. The house edge figures are higher than those above, because the above figures assume optimal strategy, and those below reflect player errors and average type of bet made. This table was given to me anonymously by an executive with a major Strip casino and is used for rating players.

Hands per Hour and Average House Edge

GamesHands/HourHouse Edge
Baccarat721.2%
Blackjack700.75%
Big Six1015.53%
Craps481.58%
Car. Stud501.46%
Let It Ride522.4%
Mini-Baccarat721.2%
Midi-Baccarat721.2%
Pai Gow301.65%
Pai Pow Poker341.96%
Roulette385.26%
Single 0 Roulette352.59%
Casino War652.87%
Spanish 21752.2%
Sic Bo458%
3 Way Action702.2%

Footnotes

* — House edge based on Ante bet only as opposed to all mandatory wagers (for example the Blind in Ultimate Texas Hold 'Em and the Super Bonus in Crazy 4 Poker.

Translation

A Spanish translation of this page is available at www.eldropbox.com.


Written by: Michael Shackleford

You’ll find dozens – if not hundreds – of casino games to play at any respectable casino. Most of them fall into a handful of categories, though. And the odds for each are different.

The odds aren’t the only thing that determines how much you’ll lose over time playing each of these games, though. The amount you bet per hour is the other big factor, and that’s determined by 2 factors:

The first is how much you’re betting on each outcome.

The second is how many bets you’re making per hour.

When you multiple those 3 factors by the house edge, you learn how expensive your favorite casino game really is.

How Much Does The House Edge Cost You?

The easiest way to define the house edge is as the difference between the odds of winning and the payout odds when you win.

For example, in roulette, the odds of winning a single number bet are 37 to 1. The payoff for that bet is 35 to 1.

The difference between 37 to 1 and 35 to 1 is the house edge, which is usually expressed as a percentage. That percentage is the average amount the casino expects to win in the long run for each bet that you place.

In the example of roulette, the house edge is 5.26%.

Mathematically, every time you put $100 into action at the roulette table, the casino expects to win $5.26.

Of course, that’s a long term average and an expectation. Actual results in the short term will vary widely from that.

For example, if you place a single $100 bet on a single number at roulette, you’ll either lose $100 or win $3500. It’s impossible to lose $5.26 on a single bet.

In fact, you can’t lose $5.26 on 2 or 3 bets, either.

It has to be a long-term average.

How Expensive Is Baccarat?

At an average baccarat table, you’ll see 70 hands per hour.

For the purposes of this post, I’m assuming that you’re a low roller, and you’re betting the lowest possible amount on the game. If you’re playing in Vegas, the lowest bet you can place on baccarat anywhere in town is $10.

This means you’ll put $700 per hour into action at the baccarat table.

What’s that going to cost you in the long run?

It depends on which bet you place. The house edge in baccarat varies based on which bet you’re placing:

  • Banker – 1.06%
  • Player – 1.24%
  • Tie – 14.36%

The smart player is only going to place the banker bet repeatedly, so his expected loss is 1.06% X $700, or $7.42 per hour.

As gambling goes, that’s pretty cheap entertainment.

Keep in mind, too, that real money baccarat requires no skill other than to have enough sense to make the banker bet every time.

But let’s see how it compares to some of the other games here.

How Expensive Is Blackjack?

Per

Blackjack is well known for having the best odds in the house, but to achieve that low house edge, you must master basic blackjack strategy. That’s easy enough to do, though.

The best blackjack game you’ll find in Vegas these days has a house edge of 0.4% and a minimum bet of $5 per hand. Those tables are usually full, so you’ll probably only see 60 hands per hour or so.

This means you’re putting $300 into action per hour.

The expected loss per hour on that is only $1.20.

Even if you’re a bad blackjack player, you’re probably still not going to lose more per hour than you would playing baccarat. Even if you make lots of basic strategy mistakes, the house edge on this game probably won’t go above 2%, which is an expected loss per hour of $6.

So far, blackjack is the cheapest casino game you can play.

How Expensive Is Craps?

Real money craps has a wide variety of bets you can make, but for the purposes of this post, I’ll assume that you know enough to stick with the pass line bet – the most basic bet in the game.

The house edge for the pass bet in craps is 1.41%.

You can find casinos in Vegas with minimum craps bets of between $1 and $3. I’m going to assume you’re going to play at the $3 tables, because the $1 tables are crowded and also hard to find.

You’ll get 100 rolls of the dice per hour in craps, but only 30 of those will result in a decision, so that’s the number you use to get the hourly expected loss.

At $3 per bet, you’re only putting $90 per hour into action.

Number

With a house edge of 1.41%, the expected loss per hour is $1.27.

This makes craps just as cheap as blackjack.

Many craps bettors will have multiple bets operating at once, though. If you’re one of those, you might be putting a lot more money into action than $90.

How Expensive Is Roulette?

I’m going to keep using Vegas for these examples. In Las Vegas, most roulette tables have 2 zeros on them – they’re called American roulette games. The house edge for these games is 5.26%, which sounds high. In fact, you might think you’re looking at an expensive game.

You’ll be surprised at how affordable roulette can be, though.

It’s reasonable to expect to find a $5 table, and if you’re only placing one bet every spin of the wheel, you’re looking at 50 bets per hour.

That’s $250 per hour in action.

5.26% of that $250 is $13.15.

So far, real money roulette is the most expensive game on the list, but we’re not done yet.

Also, if you can find a roulette table where the minimum bet is $3, you reduce you’re hourly action to $150 and your expected hourly loss to $7.89.

How Expensive Are Slot Machines?

Slot machines will cost you more money than any other game in the casino, even though you can bet less on the slots than any other game.

That’s because the amount of money you’re putting into action per hour is staggering.

The average slot machine player makes 600 spins of the reels per hour.

Of course, you can look for penny slots, but even playing penny slots, you’re going to need to bet more than a penny per spin. They usually have a minimum number of bets that you must place on every spin.

Let’s assume that you find a penny slot machine where you only have to bet 9 cents per spin.

That’s only $54 per hour in action.

But a slot machine game with stakes that low is going to have a house edge on the high end – maybe 15%.

So, you’re still looking at losing $8.10 per hour.

And that’s playing for 9 cents per spin, contrasted with $5 or $10 on most of the other games I’ve discussed so far.

You’re more likely to be betting at least $1 per spin. That’s $600 per hour in action.

At higher stakes, you might cut that house edge to 8% or even lower.

That’s still $48 per hour in expected losses.

I just don’t have that much fun playing slot machines.

Also, it’s impossible to tell what the payback percentage for a specific slot machine is.

How Expensive Is Video Poker?

Video poker games look like slot machines, but they’re a lot more varied. You have dozens of video poker games to choose from, and most of them have multiple pay tables to choose from.

For purposes of this post, I’ll assume that you find a Jacks or Better game with a 0.46% house edge. The minimum bet per hand is $1.25 on this theoretical game.

You’ll probably make 600 hands per hour at video poker, too.

That’s $750 in hourly action.

With a house edge of 0.46%, your expected loss is only $3.45, making video poker a much better bet than a slot machine.

But keep in mind that other pay tables can result in a much higher house edge. In fact, video poker can be just as expensive as slot machines if you’re not careful.

Conclusion

How expensive did your favorite casino game turn out to be?

Were you surprised?

Average Number Of Blackjack Hands Per Hour

I’m a blackjack player, so I’m happy with my expected hourly loss of just $1.20.

Blackjack Average Hands Per Hour Live

I also love craps, and I don’t lose much more than I do at blackjack, so that’s awesome.

Your best bet is to treat your casino game money as entertainment money, and measure your enjoyment of each game as entertainment.